Us Control Of Key Mineral Supply Chains

路透社周四报道，预计镍，锂和钴等矿物的全球需求预计在未来几十年中会飙升。这些矿物质是制造电池，电动汽车，风力涡轮机和太阳能电池板的关键要素，并且在从计算机到其他家用电器的各种产品中都使用。美国将需要大量这些关键矿物质才能实现其减排目标，“到2050年，将需要锂的六倍以达到其清洁能源目标，”国务卿埃里克·费尔南德斯（Eric Fernandez经济增长，能源和环境事务。

As a result, the U.S. government has been aggressively implementing measures in recent years to strengthen its control over the supply chain of green minerals such as nickel, lithium and cobalt. Especially under the impact of COVID-19, the risk of disruption of key mineral supply chain is further increased. Biden government lifted up "to rebuild a better future" banner, focusing on the domestic clean energy revolution and power competition, will trump period of supply chain security strategy to further forward, and highlight the green supply chain strategic mineral resources and strengthen the cooperation with Allies and partners, a leading by the United States "alliance for a green supply chain" of be vividly portrayed.

Biden government thinks green strategic mineral resources is the material basis of global energy transformation, the traditional competition for resources are mainly concentrated in the field of fossil energy, and the future competition will be more focused on key strategic mineral area, the relationship between the emerging energy technologies and key mineral will become the strategic resource planning is a basic element.

The new generation of green and low-carbon resource technology revolution represented by the transition from fossil energy to renewable energy, such as batteries, robotics and artificial intelligence systems, is highly dependent on strategic mineral resources such as lithium, cobalt, nickel and rare earth. Mineral in the supply chain, however, the key fundamental lack of mineral resources, the overall competitiveness is not strong, difficult to support strong green low carbon economic development, the clean energy revolution in the solar photovoltaic panels, wind turbines and electric car battery production relies heavily on rare earths, gallium and indium, but the United States of rare earth, germanium external dependence of 80% or more, Most of the lithium, cobalt and manganese used in lithium-ion batteries come from China and Australia.

As the Biden administration vigorously promotes the Green New Deal and develops new energy vehicles, energy storage, wind power, photovoltaic and other related industries, the vulnerability of the United States to heavy dependence on foreign countries in key mineral resources such as rare earth, lithium, platinum, zinc, nickel, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium and graphite is further highlighted.